How to Collect and Prepare a Hickory Nut for Planting

Of the dozen or so American hickories, shellbark and shagbark hickory trees have shown some promise as edible nut producers. These are the only two Carya species (with the exception of pecan, scientific name  Carya  illinoensis) typically planted for nut production. All the following hickory nut suggestions apply as well to the collection and preparation of pecans. Timing Hickory flowers in the spring and completes nut maturity in early fall. Beginning as early as the first of September and continuing through November, various species of hickory nuts ripen and are ready for collection. Ripening dates can vary slightly from year to year and from state to state by as many as three to four weeks, so it is not possible to use precise dates to determine maturity. The best time to collect hickory nuts, either off the tree or from the ground, is when they begin falling: It is just that simple. Prime picking is late September through the first week in November, depending on the individual hickory tree species and its location within the United States. The hickory nut is perfect when the husks begin to split. Collecting The height of the hickory nut crop in a forest canopy and the thick forest litter below can make it somewhat difficult for the casual collector to gather large numbers of nuts (although its not impossible). Another challenge is harvesting nuts before wildlife does. It is also important to remember that nut availability is never an annual given. Good hickory crops (called mast) of all species are produced at intervals of one to three years, so finding nuts can be a challenge in any given fall season. With that in mind, find forest trees that are open-grown with little forest underbrush. Yard trees or trees near paved areas make for easier collection in urban and suburban areas. Always identify the tree and place tags or mark the bags, so you will know what species you have collected. Storing Storage tests with pecan and shagbark hickory have demonstrated that hickories are like most other nut and acorn species: They should be dried to a low moisture content and refrigerated if not planted immediately. To be specific, Carya nuts should be dried to below 10 percent moisture and stored at around 40 degrees Fahrenheit. If stored in sealed containers, the nuts should be able to retain good viability for two years. They will lose half to two-thirds of their ability to germinate after four years. Although hickory needs very little cold over a full season, studies show that viability can be improved by soaking the nuts in water at 70 degrees Fahrenheit for 64 hours. Some nut species need stratification  or a cold period of time to fully improve the germination process. Put damp peat mix or sawdust together with the dried hickory nuts in a polyethylene plastic bag that has a wall thickness of four to ten millimeters. These bags are ideal for storing nuts since they are permeable to carbon dioxide and oxygen but impermeable to moisture. Close the bag loosely and store in the refrigerator at 40 degrees Fahrenheit until planting time. Check nuts throughout the winter and keep just barely damp. Planting You can plant unrefrigerated nuts in the fall and let the winter season do what nature does—refrigerate. You can also spring-plant with stratified or cold-treated seed or take a chance on unstratified seed. For ground planting: Great results have been reported with fall seed sowing for hickory, but good mulching is necessary. Mulch should remain until germination is complete. Shading is generally not necessary, but hickory may profit from some  initial shade. Protection from rodents may be required for fall-sowings. For container planting: After determining the proper time to plant, you should place nuts in moderately  loose potting soil in one-gallon pots or deeper containers. The taproot will grow quickly to the bottom of containers and root width is not as important. Containers should have holes in the bottom to allow for drainage. Place hickory nuts on their sides at a depth of one-half the width to about the width of the nut. Keep the soil moist but not wet. Keep the pots from freezing.

Comparison Between Modern Day Music And Langston Hughes...

Comparison of modern day music to Langston Hughes and Paul Laurence Dunbar Poetry has changed over the course of many years and numerous events in history.Music, as well, changed the sound and lyrical meanings due to many events in history. Whether music is poetry or not can be argued, but I believe music is an art represented through sound and lyrics. Music is a form of poetry with a little tune to it. Music has a message to it just as poetry would. Modern day music can reflect on many things, just as poetry sometimes refers to events going on in the world. Many years ago a very controversial topic was the discussion of slavery, and later the inequality of colored men to whites. Popular American poets, Paul Laurence Dunbar and Langston Hughes, are two of the very few who would talk about these controversies. Their poetry consisted of slavery, racial relations and inequality, opportunity, and hope. Their poetry captures the despair and faith in the colored people through all their oppression. Modern day music genre and style of hip hop or rap is a style cre ated by African Americans. Present day rap artists, J Cole and Kendrick Lamar, are two rap artists who have revolutionized music and have become idolized by many African Americans. The two are known for discussing the reality of what it is like being a black man in today’s society. The poems of Hughes and Dunbar are very comparable to the songs of Cole and Lamar that discuss oppression, inequality, and hope within black

Continuos Writing free essay sample

His name is Johan and I called him Uncle Jo. He is my mother’s brother. He is ten years older than me. He is still young and quite successful businessman. He opens his own firm and has many employees. He is single and stays at Kuala Lumpur. I admire him because he is special to me and I likes his personalities. My uncle is a good looking man. His skin is fair and that makes him look handsome. He has straight hair. With a handsome face and muscular arms,he looks strong and brave. He is tall and stylish person. He always wears branded clothes and love Korean fashion. When he smile,I could see both of his dimple and that make him looks more handsome and sweet. His character is very funny and he likes to joke around. He is a very kind hearted. Although he still young,he is not stingy with his money. Although he still young,he is not stingy with his money. On Hari Raya,he gives a lot of `duit raya’ to me. He takes a good care of my grandmother. Every month,he brings my grandmother to see a doctor and gives money to my grandmother for her daily use. He likes to help anyone and does not expect anything in return. He is a person who can easily get along with anyone and gets all the work done without hurting anyone. He has a strange habit. For example,he will laugh loudly when he is alone in order to forget his sad experience and stress at work. He likes to go gym to keep his body fit. He also likes outdoor activities such as hiking. Every month,he will go hiking with his friend and takes pictures. His favourite food is something that is spicy such as Korean food. He also like to hear Korean song and watches Korean drama. Everyday although he is busy with his work,he wiil spend his time on his hobby and search about it on internet. He does not like something that is sweet and sour and to be at dirty place. Uncle jo was a good student. He and my mother came from a big family of seven children. Knowing that his parents could not afford to send him to university,he study all his might to obtain a scholarship to take an accounting degree overseas. When he was oversea,he worked part-time and sent money home to support his younger siblings. After graduating with a degree,he joined a big accountant firm. Today,he runs his own firm. His generousity and kindness are shown when he does account for small firm at low fees. Finally,the reason why I like my uncle is because he has the same interest with me such as we likes to hear the same kinds of music and likes to eat somethine that is spicy. Since I was young,his advice has influenced me a lot in the way I look at life and people. His words of encouragement is responsible for my success in my career and personal life today. That is my Uncle Jo,my hero and my beloved mentor. He always be my role model.

Development of Pop Music Essay Example For Students

Development of Pop Music Essay America to perform. The songs were given the name Blues because the lyrics were about feeling down due to living as slaves. Although it started as a vocal and improvisatory genre it later became a purely instrumental genre and developed its own localized style. The instrumentation of Blues mainly consists of a double bass or electric bass guitar, electric guitar, harmonica and most importantly the human voice. The most common blues structure is the 12 bar blues which can also be found in other genres of music such as Jazz, country, pop, rock, punk etc. It is reflected by a tankard harmonic progression of 12 bars in a 4/4 time signature and is typically a set of three different chords played over a 12 bar scheme. For example in the key of C it would be improvised over a Blues scale of C Be F G B C. There are other less common structures such as 8 bar blues which has been used in songs such as How Long Blues and Trouble in Mind. There are also 16 bar blues, as in Ray Charles Sweet 16 bars. Only after blues was well established did it broaden to include the white middle class and was used as a form of entertainment. By the sass and ass eating performers came to popularize classic blues, such as; Muddy Waters, who was nick named the father of electric blues and did collaborations with Chuck Berry and Otis Span. He released 34 albums during his career and released his first single Country Blues in 1941 but it did not reach the charts. Im your Hooch Choice Man reached number 3 on the Billboard R;B chart in 1954 which was one of the most popular songs Waters released. Howling Wolf, real name Chester Arthur Burnett, was another influential blues singer, guitarist and harmonica player. He wrote and popularized a number of songs such as Smokestack Lightning and Back Door Man and did collaborations with the Rolling Stones and Eric Clayton. B. B King also named The King of the Blues is one of the most popular blues artists having released over fifty albums and being ranked number 3 on Rolling Stones magazines list of 100 greatest guitarists of all time. He has influenced countless other electric blues and blues rock artists such as Jim Hendrix, Eric Clayton, who he also collaborated with and Buddy Guy, amongst others. He has taught and gigged with various musicians room the sass all the way up to the 21st century. Jazz music is said to have originated in the early 20th century in African American communities in New Orleans just after the slave trade, similarly to Blues music. It was born out of a culmination of African and European traditions due to the availability of European instruments and devices such as the diatonic scale, which was used to produce an African affect which led to slave musicians flatting the third note in the scale to produce the famous Development of Pop Music Since sass By annual came about in the sass and ass when prohibition in the United States banned the ale of alcoholic drinks. During this time, Jazz started to get a reputation for being immoral as the popularity increased and it was blamed for several deaths. The first recordings of Jazz were made by The Kid Ours Creole Jazz Band in 1922. That year also saw the first recordings made by Bessie Smith, the most famous of sass blues singers. The sass saw the first Jazz sub-genre, Swing. Typically in a big band the instrumentation would include a conductor, five saxophones (2 altos, 2 tenors, 1 baritone) 4 trumpets, drums, bass, guitar, 4 trombones and sometimes a vocalist. Artists such as Louis Armstrong, who popularized scat singing, and Duke Elongating, influenced the development of big band style swing Jazz. It was a collective style and offered individual musicians the chance to solo and improvise on their chosen instrument. Other sub genres includes Bebop which formed in the early sass by performers who began to shift Jazz from danceable popular music to music which challenged the musicians and was meant for listening only. Beepers introduced new forms into Jazz such as the flatted fifth which became the most important interval used in this style. Some of the most influential Bebop musicians included Charlie Parker, Bud Powell and Theologies Monk. In the late sass a new sub genre called Jazz fusion developed, which combined Jazz improvisation with rock rhythms and electric instruments. It often used mixed meters, odd time signatures, syncopation, complex chords and harmonies as well as using fuzz and Way way pedals for effects. Miles Davis, who made a breakthrough into fusion with his album Pitches Brew in 1970 was among a list of influential musicians who performed this style such as Jim Hendrix and Frank Kappa. Country music earned its name in the sass when it gained popularity, but began in the early sass in rural Southern United States and was called hillbillys music, taking its roots from Western cowboy and American folk music. It is thought that European Americans developed the style but African Americans also had a big influence on it due to the two ethnicities working and playing together in the rural communities. British and Irish immigrants also composed folk songs and ballads in the southern Appalachian mountains, from which country music is said to have descended. Vocal Jazz Ensemble Review EssayWoolworth was the first store that sold cheap vinyls in 1953, meaning that music was more accessible to UN-wealthy people. AM car radios were common in the sass and the advent of the portable transistor radio in the late ass created another way to listen to the radio whilst moving in a car. Being smaller and easier to store as well as having sound quality that rivaled all there audio formats. Also the surge in popularity of the FM radio in the late ass paralleled the development of car receivers that could pick up FM signals better while driving. Citizens Band radio, used by truckers, was a brief fad in 1976. In 1982 Phillips and Sony introduced the compact disk and in 1984 the first CD players arrived in cars but didnt become common until the late ass. By the sass CDC started to overshadow tape cassettes as people started to make their own compilation CDC which paralleled the rise in popularity of personal computers. People started to have more control over home recording as technology like multi tracks and recordable cassettes became common devices to use. Around this time the internet revolution began, where suddenly people had a huge range of music to choose from at a low cost. The invention of Anapest in 1999 was originally founded as a peer to peer file sharing internet service which typically shared music, encoded in MPH format. However, because of copyright infringement which allowed people to have access to music for free, the company ran into legal difficulties and the website to shut down only two years later. The downfall of Anapest led to the uprising of websites like Spottily, which is popular amongst music fans today. It gives people the option to pay for a subscription service; depending on the amount you pay you can get unlimited access to the music available. The creation of Youth in 2005 continues to give people even more choice, as the videos that are available to watch are uploaded by individuals as well as media corporations. Youth also acts as a promotional platform for unknown and famous artists, allowing them to upload an unlimited amount of videos and to promote to the suitable demographic due to key words put in to the search bar. There are many other websites, such as Namespace and Concluded, which have helped towards making music more accessible to the public and making it easier for artists to promote their own music and connect with other musicians. Listening to music has changed immeasurably over the past 80 years. The development of many different audio devices has seen the growth in availability of music however this has shown a decrease in the amount of people who support vie music, instead they opt to stay in and watch music shows on their television screens or on the internet. The reason for this is convenience and the low cost involved, unfortunately this means that artists are now less able to play gigs that are successful and are instead forced to go down the promotional route of networking online without having any practice of performing to a live audience. For some, creating a profile online can help build a fan base and gain interest from record labels and agencies who have now also turned to the internet as a way of scouting or unknown talent. This method of networking further enforces what I have previously said about image being an important factor in the music industry, thus meaning that the audience will often see pictures or videos of the artists and make initial Judgments before they have even heard the music, this can be a big disadvantage for some musicians. The music that we listen to today has been influenced by the genres of music that I have previously discussed, some dating back to the early sass. However, there are a few styles that precede this such as folk and orchestral music. Eve performances) Vinyls (including cheap Woolworth singles 1953.. By 1954 beginning Rock n Roll, also gave people a choice of what to listen to), sasss Television (many artists had their own shows. Cliff Richard, Lulu, Doris Day, Alan Price, Tom Jones).. Image began to become important. Sasss Car radio, car cassette radio, portable radio and radio/cassette (music on the move for any class), sasss Music Video (MET), Recordable Casset te, CD, VS.. Sasss+: More control of home-recording (multi-tracks), beginning of the Internet (huge amounts of choice, Anapest which led to Spottily, Youth, Namespace) Cheap/free music, huge promotional/marketing opportunities. Overall conclusion Most musical styles since Sasss have come from the four styles that have written about and there are styles that preceded this (folk and orchestral). Reaction people have to live music, comparison to now to sass Listening to music has changed immeasurably over the last 90 years. It offers many advantages such as.. But a possible disadvantage is that live music isnt as popular or supported as much due to the vast amount of other ways of listening to and enjoying music.